I had been looking into orexin agonists (along with other things like H3 autoreceptor antagonists) back when they were just a concept. It’s good to see them finally reaching commercialization. Although they’re not approved by our own (Canadian) regulatory body quite yet.
Now that they’re approved in the US, though, I’m looking very much forward to seeing how these drugs perform in off-label-ish treatment of the various other sleep disorders that I’m sure clinicians will now begin throwing them at.
> IMO the much more likely explanation is that the brain uses contrastive learning somewhere. [...] Instead of using calculus and outer products to calculate derivatives, you feed real data and false data forward through the network and each neuron tracks and trains on the difference.
Everyone involved in a stock market agrees it's quite useful to have a separation between days, although you could have a 23.5/7 stock market with only half hour day-ends. That's when things like index rebalancing, addition, removal, stock splits occur. You say whoever holds stock X at end of a certain day holds stock Y+Z at the start of the next day (due to a company splitting up) and there's no need to argue about which millisecond a trade occurred. (It's your own damn fault if you were trying to buy the stock in the milliseconds before closing, but some exchanges run a special closing auction with a different algorithm to prevent races). It's also the time you can deploy software, which you can't do during the day. Maybe half an hour is too short for all this stuff. Or maybe it should be a 12 hour window once a week instead.
And of course, overnight trading is available on some stock exchanges now. (I’m not sure whether this is a new thing or has existed for a while, but I’ve only noticed it on TradingView for some papers about a year ago I think.)
Here’s the thing: what a lot of these drugs are doing are basically acting as equivalents to the store-bought neurotransmitters you’d find in things like SSRIs or -phetamines/stimulants. To people lacking in these substances, they’re game changers.
The problem right now is a mismatch between regulation, availability, and testing regimes. Regulations are meant to prevent dystopian shit like employers mandating (or encouraging) a drug regimen for employment through threat of punitive fines or prosecution, while the private insurance markets promote unaffordability domestically (as North America is where over half of pharma revenues come from) and testing regimes fail to identify who is best suited for a given drug. All three of these prongs will shake out in time, but cause new problems as a result.
Where we’re at right now is less of a click-baity headline from The Economist, and more at the start of a new frontier in medicine that capitalizes on decades of research. We’ve maximized the benefits of “low-hanging” chemical-based drugs, and have moved into more complex, nuanced, or targeted drugs developed through modern compute rather than traditional drug trials alone. Things will change very quickly, and then stagnate again when we’ve picked clean the easy fruits from these new branches.
We have our NeuroLinkBrain Implant plugin to AI agent , so that you can vibe code 24/7 . To maximize shareholder value.
Probs already there…
The meds (both stimulant and non stimulant) help people with ADHD choose where to hyperfocus, but hyperfocus is an internal trait of the ADHD neurotype, so it isn’t just attributable to the drugs or something.
I.e. normal people use stimulants to go fast, while ND people with ADHD use them to go slow or have their brain actually be able to slow down.
It also helps with non-work stuff that's just not fun to do, such as chores or filing your taxes. It even helps you stick with hobbies you actually enjoy but your brain gets bored of.