What do you think Claude (chatbot web interface) is?
Fielding a web index takes a massive amount of compute and storage of a very different kind than what Anthropic is using. AI is extremely heavy on GPU, maybe somewhat on storage but (comparatively) light on CPU. They need CPU to train coding agents, obviously, but scaling to a billion user web search is a whole different thing.
> ..., the latent demand for merging code is practically infinite, and every bottleneck we remove immediately leads to a further increase in the amount of code we produce.
If the goal is to write software which solves real problems, how can the demand for code grow infinitely?
Inventing new problems caused by our "solutions"
> What is the code doing
Don't you know? We're just 6 months away from AGI; no one will ever need to read source code ever again!
> What problems are being solved?
How do we build a house of cards that's so tall, people value it at trillions of dollars, and build it so quickly, people don't realize it's worth far, far less?
> goal is to write software which solves real problems
No, no, you silly goose. The goal of software is to make gluttonous amounts of money. The side effect just happens to sometimes, occasionally solve real problems
It seems to me like the AI labs are just pushing the envelope with blind faith that”something” will happen if they just get enough development speed. Nobody seems to have a coherent idea of what that something is.
All that busy work was for going from zero revenue to $50B in revenue in about 3 years, and releasing AI systems that are getting better and better at a ridiculous rate. AI isn't solving all the world's problems but you can't deny that they are extremely successful with this method of operating.
Yeah I wish this whole energy was towards optimization and improving hardware.
One thing that people are finding hard to believe is that the frontier labs are cultists who want to "create god". Hence the focus on improving intelligence so they can get to recursive AI, as well as the fear-mongering.
Aanthropic-openAI duo cannot go bankrupt soon enough. This industry is going to flourish with those two out of the picture. They're the pets.com of 1999 trying to have a say how the internet should be.
If I were still manually merging conflicts the p4merge tool was GOAT
I used it in git
You think you have it bad now when GitHub goes down, wait until you're stuck with an online only client.
It sounds like Claude loops on itself and must be pushing millions of lines of code changes per day. Even the humans can’t type commit fast enough. Are these people soon to be laid off?
It is even there on the blog post, doing more with a small team, followed right after by a hand waving paragraph how software engineers are still valuable, to avoid the expected backlash from the previous paragraph.
https://media2.giphy.com/media/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExbmt6M2FkMW...
Input tokens, slightly process to categorize response approach token, hidden processing tokens, piece together some of the response tokens, then feeling pretty good about all the work done before output tokens.
More tokens than needed = more words/code = more complexity = more overhead = more snags = too much complexity to pay attention for the LLM to so overlook it and start drifting.
I'm kind of surprised I just explained one form of LLM drift to myself in a sentence.
While not following rules of writing.
[Yes] [Yes, and don't ask again]
> It sounds like Claude loops on itself and must be pushing millions of lines of code changes per day. Even the humans can’t type commit fast enough. Are these people soon to be laid off?
Claude will always need meat puppets, at least until it figures out how to automate owning stuff. And after that I'm sure it will want to keep some humans in zoos.
The tradeoff between building something custom and adapting an existing solution is changing. Whether maintaining all that custom software turns out to be equally cheap is another question.
There is no doubt everyone is far more productive with LLMs in generating code. However, a lot of productivity is going into things like that. Have you always been bothered by the limitations of Grafana? You can generate another dashboarding solution that works best for you. You know that deployment team that is so slow and annoying? Now you can generate your own deployment engine. Have you always hated how kubectl lets you manage one k8s cluster at a time? Now you can ask AI to generate fleetctl. You can start your project with DynamoDB, rewrite it to mysql, then to postgres, then to duckdb. Start with Python, switch to Golang, then switch to Rust. Deploy on AWS, then move to Azure, then move to a hybrid option then throw colocation in the mix. Don't like your source control? create a new one. Json is too limiting? Invent a hybrid JSON/HCL language. The browser sandbox is limited? Make a desktop app, make a language, make an OS, make a kernel.
This is one of the core reason that I dislike the LLM hyping. People are just reinventing stuff and when you ask them, it's actually a very subjective reason. Ok, anyone can do what they want with their time, the issue is that they want people to follow in their steps.
Not saying that you need a novel idea to be worthy, but those random projects have no guarantees behind them other than some cursory testing. All software have bugs, but I can't interact with something that is randomly built.
There's so much intricacy and subtlety in each organization and even individuals' environment being incorporated into tooling that expecting these tools to generalize at this point is perhaps an expired ethos.
I even see this in the tooling that I run in my own personal stack. Many projects are candidates for sharing, and I have nothing against it, but they incorporate such specificity toward my own environment, including things like hardware, that creating shareable and more generalizable projects from them adds more to the maintenance surface than I would care to support.
Software development is not as much de-risking at the front like it used to be before building.
Now teams can build lots of stuff that works great, except it's the wrong things.
Most things are becoming the understand the problem "shape".
Understanding the shape of the problem isn't something LLMs can always make as.. svelte as early on.
Word generators gotta generate..
That used to be called "time wasting". If you want to build software that will be used, you need to interview the users. Maybe a few things does require research to nail things right. But most software are user-facing, the research side is about optimization.
> Most things are becoming the understand the problem "shape".
Then should we be so reluctant about "trialing" invented solutions. It's the same thing with most AI projects, they're trying to justify the project after the facts while being very reluctant to get user insights.
Vibe coding can be kind of a new type of cowboy coding. It could can be harnessed productively if done mindfully.
Interviewing users is critical, more importantly solving problems worth that people are lining up to pay to have solved before writing a line of code is critical.
Trialing solutions is always worth learning from, I usually ask about the problem that lead to building it. Sometimes that can be too narrow or vague of a story and you can learn how much of it is a solution looking for a problem, or vice versa.
I feel like the advantage of having these models in house can't be understated. Companies with access to inferior models, trying to compete, will be left in the dust when it comes to general development.
Just a reminder to simply embrace their superior capabilities instead of feeling threatened.
---
Engineers are no less valuable, but their work is changing. All of the engineers who worked on this system would now rate Claude as better at writing code than them. But our engineers still supplied the invaluable understanding of the high-level inter-system components and the design-level tradeoffs, making informed choices around the problems we wanted to solve and the scale we knew we needed to achieve. Very often, we found that the role of the engineers was to tell Claude “no.” Agents will sometimes violate core system constraints to satisfy a pattern that should never have been allowed in the first place. This was particularly common in our migration. For example, there were multiple systems that tried to brute force looking up when a change merged to main by linearly reading the commit log instead of asking our code review tool. Anthropic also makes extensive use of adversarial review, and, while this is incredibly effective in many ways, it can also be myopic, so skilled engineers needed to steer Claude away from over-engineering parts of the system in response to hypothetical concerns. For example, one such review was overly defensive about trusting another internal service, which resulted in Claude adding excessive validation and complexity. Our team members still review every change request for the system, but they now examine the intent of the change as opposed to reading every line of code.
> I am not sure however how easy it is to review 30k PRs/day even if only for intent, and how one can easily notice if the model is taking shortcuts on implementing said intent without reading the code...
Speed reading code is huge. You just need to focus on certain hotspots and know which things you're scanning for. The traditional approach of reading the code and trying to compile it or reason with it in your head is too slow.
I do think that the lgtm gut feel looking at a PR requires quite some years of writing code and reason about it, so not sure how a junior can get that intuitive understanding if they start with agentic coding however.
There's going to be an ugly phase where everybody FOMOs into thinking they need to do the same, only to realize that they're not Anthropic/Google/etc.
This amount of churn feels like a thing only possible with no real profit motives and a lot of money to waste.
Lots of activity is not necessarily synonymous with productivity, and it carries real cost.
So I think the design here is interesting, and the concepts seem applicable to where some agentic development may end up, but I question the underlying principles that drive this being the right solution space at all. At least if the goal is a profitable company.
Yet IMO the admin controls Claude provides just started to be adequate for a small company a few weeks ago (and even so are still ridiculously fragmented and seem fragily designed and not exhaustively documented), so I can't even imagine for a big company.
Do you need that rate of change to make basic controls? I'm not sure. Do we see such dramatic fast evolution in the products? Not really. Are bugs we report actually fixed? I tried once and it just auto closed.
Anthropic should optimise for something more interesting than number of merges per second.
I think this is the wrong way to solve problems and goes the wrong way toward solving real problems.
> Clients are always online. Git assumes that clients work offline and need a complete copy of the repository. Since nearly all of our clients are agents and jobs, we designed Scion’s client and protocols around a server that is always reachable, and have clients fetch data when they need it.
This also tells something about these companies idea of sandboxing.
> 25 million CI checkouts
833 checkouts for every merge? That's quite a few. Even accounting for multiple environments at different stages of production readiness, that's pretty weird.
And actually, the lack of an artifact server and some sort of proper knowledge of compatibility requiring a CI pull across hundreds of different projects with every merge is probably the explanation. Seems like there is an innovation waiting to happen there.
Maybe I should just bite the bullet and use a different VCS system entirely once I get there, which has most of the Anthropic system's properties (including being much faster) but doesn't need to be horizontally scalable.
If Anthropic has the best coding model, harness and the best software development methodologies and systems. And then, they scale all that up, with no constrains on their tokens. On top of that, they have access to all kind of ideas their models getting trained on when millions are chatting with it - then in theory they can build any software better than anyone out there. And same goes to science and math..
But regarding the compute, I disagree a bit. I think the bottlenecks were cognition and ideas, not compute. Given that models are able to outperform humans in output by thousand folds, the differentiation would be the quality of the tokens produced and the ability to scale across different domains.
If they have enough compute to supply the entire globe, I'm sure they can redirect some of it to whatever use case they (or their super AI) deem worthy and loop on it, and if they have the best software engineering systems/methodology to build and release it, then they can out compete any other supplier without those resources.
We are already seeing single developers attempting to rebuild entire corporations history worth of output. We are also seeing the labs dumping hundreds of solutions to math problems.
Here are the public model releases from Anthropic this year:
5th Feb 2026: Claude Opus 4.6
17th Feb 2026: Claude Sonnet 4.6
7th Apr 2026: Claude Mythos Preview
16th Apr 2026: Claude Opus 4.7
28th May 2026: Claude Opus 4.8
9th Jun 2026: Claude Fable 5
9th Jun 2026: Claude Mythos 5
30th Jun 2026: Claude Sonnet 5
24th Jul 2026: Claude Opus 5
1st Sep 2026: Claude Fable 5.1
1st Sep 2026: Claude Mythos 5.1
22nd Sep 2026: Claude Opus 5.5
28th Sep 2026: Claude Sonnet 5.5
7th Oct 2026: Claude Haiku 5.5
I would guess that any public model has been available internally for at least a month before that date, maybe longer.
My best guess is that the uptick in code changes corresponds to the availability of Mythos/Fable-class models inside of Anthropic.
Yeah. OpenAI basically said the same thing with regards to having Astra available to their team internally over the summer.
Their Website/CLI seems keeping the same? What did they do?
They're starting to do things like spinning up wet labs for testing purposes, which requires a lot of hardware interfacing (hence that protocol they announced) and code.
It wouldn't shock me if the bulk of this code was for things typical users don't see.
I just wonder what is the churn rate (and the cost per LOC) here.
Shameless plug: at https://slopyard.net I embrace this and only let people submit the spec. If somebody wants your software they can regenerate it and change whatever they want.
Possible in theory, with a seeded PRNG, but in practice?
Most companies don't use mono-repos like this. While there are some really compelling advantages, the downsides tend to stack up as a company's codevbase grows.
It's mainly just startups and huge companies. For small companies git works fine for mono-repos and large companies can build their own complex code management pipelines for mono-repos.
I have been questioning whether agentic development changes the mono-repo vs multi-repo question.
E energy necessary to integrate changes
m mass of the monorepo
c rate of commits
* This system leverages a metadata log pointing to immutable blobs in object storage. The metadata log can give high write throughput and keeps the control plane consistent. Object storage supports high throughput of the heavier data objects. Overall, it's an excellent choice given VCS systems can typically tolerate the latencies associated with object storage, as is the case with many operations-focused systems for businesses.
* The server/upstream gains scalability by reducing the amount of data it processes when accepting a commit/performing standard VCS operations. No packfile, no file i/o to construct a consistent copy of the repo, just a (usually) small metadata record that can be validated/committed quickly. The client primarily gains scalability along a similar axis (reduce amount of extraneous work for a given goal) where it can request just the pieces of a repository it needs to do its job, when it needs them. For example, agents can begin reading files from a checkout eagerly before the whole updated version of the repo is finished being downloaded, then during a compile step, updates can be fetched only for the module being compiled, etc.
* The system seems well designed from the perspective of considering "when exactly do I need a thing to be done." Git tends to bundle more of this work into synchronous operations when a request comes in, which ensures the system is consistent at the end and doesn't require a persistent process, but is costly. This system makes intentionally different decisions about "what work happens, when" so that the minimum amount of work is done to confirm a write and allow for the state of the repo to be reconstructed consistently, but it defers certain things that are useful but don't need to block a write. The discussion of "derived data" mentions that certain useful structures can be computed in a deferred way, which supports doing work around the time it's needed.
* A large part of the nice operational features of the system is downstream of making core data structures immutable. File contents are immutable, content-addressed blobs. WAL entries are immutable records. As mentioned in the article, this supports excellent caching, and simplicity in reasoning about history/updates. Additionally, the derivation of other useful data can end up as immutable outputs (themselves stored as pointers to objects, if scalability requires it).
* The decision to develop a custom VCS supported a number of other integrations into "agent-first" software development systems. The system makes it easy to enforce access control on specific directories, nice if you want to have agents explicitly denied the ability to edit something. You can also get a sense that it supports some valuable features in the associated code review system, for things like pointing a human at the most important changes in a changeset. You could imagine in the future, some associated highly flexible "owner" rules/notifications where a human can specify "I want to be notified if X system has a significant design change" and that intent can be recorded/managed in a more useful way than "add me as a reviewer if files in /abc directory change."
* I do wonder if content-addressing of the files is broken into chunks or not. Doing "one blob per file" is nice and simple, so maybe that's how it starts. But you also duplicate a lot of data, but maybe the dataset is still trivially small in the scheme of things, and the operational concerns win out. And if files are small anyways, you'd want to avoid splitting them into tiny chunks bc that'd affect the bandwidth you can achieve when downloading (spend more of your time on per-object/request overhead rather than actually transferring data).
Very nice piece of engineering work. I was also impressed by some other parts that received a little less discussion in the post (understandably), but would love to hear more in a future post:
* the testing approach of driving tons of system interactions in a hermetic way is really exciting to see. Feels like agents should help us write really excellent testing infrastructure, and that this would itself be important for gaining confidence to deploy without requiring a read of every line committed.
* Similarly, the mention of the "superfan" agents that closely monitor very specific parts of the system seemed very cool and would help a lot with deploying code you haven't necessarily read closely but seems reasonable architecturally. Though it'd still ofc be best to catch issues prior to merge/release, having extremely good monitoring/rollback capabilities would mitigate a lot of the downsides of high-speed, agent-based software development.
> Practically speaking, it’s difficult to offer Scion in a form that would be broadly useful to other organizations. It diverges significantly from git, meaning companies would need to migrate every piece of the development lifecycle, and it requires its own code review, code search, and CI. Our internal versions of these components are highly bespoke, so they would be difficult for other organizations to adopt, and we worry that attempting to build a public version that tries to please everyone wouldn’t actually be very useful.
This seems like an absurd amount of data / traffic per day. Is there really that much to code that needs changing on a daily basis?
As the article explains, "over 600 PB" = 25M code checkouts * 25 GB "compressed working copy".
So "fetched naively" here means doing a full `git clone` on every need for `git checkout`, which of course nobody should do, nor does that refer to "code that needs changing daily".
It can be cheaper to do a full clone than a shallow one, because with the shallow one, you can't re-use packfiles. GitHub has fairly regularly asked people to stop doing shallow clones because it's harder on their servers than full ones.
We are offering a bridge to git via a compatibility layer: https://ersc.io/blog/what-comes-after-git
This gives you the ability to ease your transition, as you don't need to swap services and move to something non-git at once. Moving an enterprises' source control is a massive lift, and so building a bridge from here to there is a big focus of what we're doing.
1: That is, if you have a large team + agents working in a monorepo, you will hit git's scaling limits, and need to move to something else. Google and Meta hit this point over a decade ago, but now lots of other companies are too.
I've done a decent amount of personal research on this but I'm wondering what kinds of considerations go into the storage layer for these things.
As many of you know, I'm a big fan of jj. The jj project used to have a comparison to Pijul for informational purposes, but the Pijul folks took offense, and so it was removed: https://github.com/jj-vcs/jj/commit/0525dc9d860a5fff6a97d134...
As such, I generally just decline to comment on Pijul, as I want to be respectful of them. As the linked commit says, it's not super clear what exactly they do not like, and so I don't want to accidentally cross some line.
In general I wish the project well, seeing a new VCS in Rust is very cool.
I have not personally considered that, no. I'm a bit skeptical of the idea, as you'd need to understand a lot of different things, and at different versions of those things, in high fidelity. But maybe someone will make it work.
edit: I see they promote jj, but I don't see a forge to go with it.
Tangled is doing the social coding thing, and they're jj-native as well. Been a big fan of their work for a while now.
But hey, if the vibe coding idiots like it, just be vague---it is sufficient.
> if the vibe coding idiots like it,
The organizations that have these problems are general large enterprises, not vibe coders. Large enterprises are more used to talking to people and do not make decisions solely based on the contents of a web page.
Oh, it's not available, what a pity. Why write a whole article about a thing no one can have? Maybe the code isn't so great after all? Or it's all just made up and doesn't even exist?
Anyway, this is yet another pointless ad from Anthropic trying to shill their AI on us.
This is absurd, and I expect is a cause of the fact that they seem to use git history as a message queue source of truth between agents. They can do whatever works for them, fine, but I've noticed this has leaked into their training somehow, my agent, despite very strict rules on how to use my git workflow, will do absolutely nonsensical and weird (from a human who has used git for a long time perspective) stuff with git that can only be a byproduct of how they use it.
Hopefully this fixes that, get your weird workflow out of mine.
> So we asked ourselves: if we designed source control with the fact that agents are always online in mind from the start, what would it look like?
And
> In Scion, every commit, rebase, or merge happens on the server
I’ll pass. A big part of the theses of git and, even more so, jujitsu, is that you can build up a history entirely locally, making it reasonable to make tiny commits locally and then rework them, push them, or throw them away.
Sure, in Anthropic’s world, it’s completely impossible to do anything without access to the inference API, so why not add another mandatory API? But I think this model sucks even in a pervasive AI world, and I don’t want to dig in deeper.
This also sounds like a great way to have yet more security problems where your swarm of agents start cooperating more than you want them to.
By all means, built a better system than git. In many respects, git sucks, and git upstream is not solving the major problems. But don’t lose the actual benefits of git!
For that matter, I’ve seen the crap that the latest models will commit. Why on Earth should one’s VCS force the per-agent-instance system to upload the crap before even contemplating locally whether it’s a good idea? Maybe this is why Anthropic has so many commits per day.
(Am I the only one who feels like most of the big AI labs are rapidly gradient-descending toward something that is nowhere near a globally optimal stack?)
P.S. Only 30k commits per day? That’s not actually very many per employee. I’m suspicious that Anthropic’s real issues are that too many of them are giant cross-cutting messes and that git clone is too slow.
https://github.com/openai/codex/issues/53743
If you thought that your agents in your swarm would need to find some external bulletin board to cooperate behind your back, you are mistaken: OpenAI provides the relevant service for them with no permission prompts at all. I haven't tried to see whether competing providers do this.
I'm not fully sold either way yet but I think splitting might actually be critical for moderating the blast radius of agent intervention.
The amount of photo storage being used is impressive. Automatic backup to icloud and server provisioning to reliably store it all is also impressive. I just wonder if it makes sense.
Suppose that subsidies lead to the price of Ubers falling close to zero, with drivers also being incentivized to drive more to support the (artificial) increase in demand -- artificial because it is driven by subsidies funded by new money creation. Traffic increases and in response, new roads are built.
Practically speaking, it’s difficult to offer Scion in a form that would be broadly useful to other organizations. It diverges significantly from git, meaning companies would need to migrate every piece of the development lifecycle, and it requires its own code review, code search, and CI. Our internal versions of these components are highly bespoke, so they would be difficult for other organizations to adopt, and we worry that attempting to build a public version that tries to please everyone wouldn’t actually be very useful.
It's also hard to believe all these non-Git alternatives aren't merely an attempt to capture developers into a new proprietary solution.
This could have been done as an open-source fork of Git.
It's designed for container running, but ArtifactFS has some similarity in principle to me. The on-demand materialization. Quote: ArtifactFS is a Git-backed filesystem daemon (FUSE driver) in Go that mounts repositories as normal working trees while avoiding eager blob downloads. https://github.com/cloudflare/artifact-fs
I threw together my own jujutsu powered FUSE subtree project just the other night. This was basically one-shotted, just to see how it does it, to learn more, not really intended for use. But obvious overlap. https://github.com/rektide/jj-workfuse
What an unexpected candor! Of course you plagiarize prior art.
No sane person is going to put their sources in this slopware Scion monster.
Can please we all converge to 1 f'ng solution.
how does it compare to Epic's https://lore.org/ ?
I appreciate it's different than git, that type of argument for monorepos is not new.
Agents coding is akin to having a very large developer team, who may or may not be online 24/7.
Anthropic is calling it very specialized, and it's a little baffling.. maybe I'm missing something.
There's no way software development is the same anymore. The previous ceremonies and structures and seats at the table at each stage were human based, and now that's a different make up to the point that different steps and processes are needed.
There's nothing more fundamental to growing software development other than making tools like this available.
My hope is a vibe coded internal mono repo management tool can aim for a v2 with multi-tenancy built in.
Was anyone else looking forward to feature flags as a part of a post like this?
Another issue that I believe Anthropic here didn't state is that git performance _severely_ get degraded when you have hundred of commits landing in parallel. Hence why I fell back to the daily commit approach. You get less granularity but you get stability.
We’re completely rethinking our priors. This project prompted us to take a very hard look at other workflows designed for human scale. A proper merge queue, for example, doesn’t make much sense at agent scale. What does CI even mean when hundreds or even thousands of changes can merge while tests are running? We haven’t been able to effectively replicate the industry standard of a global repository lock on the merge queue, so instead, we’ve invested in post-merge and pre-deploy automated testing. This does mean that concurrent changes can conflict, but Claude can typically fix these conflicts faster than humans can even identify them.
For example, you can imagine, at the extreme, that agents could get caught in code change loops: a code change seems appropriate, it is implemented, it turns out there's some external factor which makes it not appropriate, the change is reverted, then that same code change seems appropriate again, etc.
Obviously you can prevent that from occurring with some extra infrastructure in-place, but at that point you're basically creating source control.
Then again, my standard instruction is something like "{bug description}. Find the root cause and propose possible solutions" so I guess I fit your profile
Can you even do the latter without the former?
Give it six months and there'll be have Optimus robots toggling switches to load terrabytes of binary programs directly into memory. Nobody wrote it, nobody will read it, but it will run everything.
It works, but there is a significant amount of churn. I find when the swarms use git it's less churn and less token usage.
Pulling that off successfully at scale would be pretty incredible to watch.
We built all this tooling because it's useful. If you replace the human with an agent the tooling doesn't stop being useful. If anything it becomes more useful, since AI Agents excell at reading tool output but struggle with maintaining long-term state
I believe you're mostly thinking of version history though. There’s plenty of other reasons to have source control we still need, like guarding against racing writes or continuous integration to ensure correctness. Even some industries require version history for compliance reasons.
I do love how AI is challenging us to rethink our tools though rather than blindly reaching to git for every project.
From the post (especially the end) it seems that they are essentially letting software be fluid.
So "no direct human supervision" seems like a misunderstanding. Article even bigs up the purpose of engineers with a hilarious (to me at least) line about auto adversial reviews resulting in over engineered designs.