Show HN: Gemini 4 Argon plays StarCraft
105 points by __cayenne__ 4 hours ago | 50 comments
I've refreshed StarSkirmish Bench, a benchmark where LLMs play StarCraft BW by writing code, with results from the flagship models of OpenAI, Anthropic, Google, and Muse

GodelNumbering 3 hours ago
Wow this is interesting to me from another angle. A friend of mine created a benchmark to evaluate LLMs on 9x9 Go (using KataGo opponents as Elo anchors) [1]. The relative rankings of this (StarSkirmish Bench v0.2) benchmark (GPT-6 Astra > GPT-6.1 Sol > Gemini 4 Argon > Claude Opus 5.5 > Claude Fable 5.1 > Claude Sonnet 5.5) matches the order of his GoBench rankings exactly, even though they are different problems at surface level.

[1] https://rolandgao.com/blog/gobench/

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cgearhart 3 hours ago
Is there anything interesting to learn from the agent written bots? Or are they just inferior versions of the best bots because the time limit is so short? Is there any indication that they’re trained on the code from the human written bots (like, do they magically “guess” creating functionality that requires experimental feedback or domain experience?) How much are the bots on rails applying the same techniques every time?

I think those kinds of questions would be more interesting than the raw win/loss ratios.

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__cayenne__ 24 minutes ago
Dan Gant (author of Purple Wave) has written about some of this.

I did a 48 hour test with GPT-6 Astra and Claude Opus 5.5 and we saw some interesting uses of Psionic Storm.

I've open sourced some of GPT-Astra's work (below). It actually did an interesting amount of changes in strategy over time as it's opponents became more difficult.

https://github.com/llmskirmish/starskirmish-hillclimb

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serf 2 hours ago
none of these games really require a lot of experimental feedback, the goals are well stated and known; experiments may drive optimization if thats the question.

as far as the on rails comment : there's no good way to know the provenance of an LLM output, but the LLM made bots generally look like very small, modular, sometimes functionalized versions of the human equivalents; the difference being that the LLM is calling the funtions often rather than a conditional loop in a main().

a factorio bot I worked on when Astra was first getting previewed was essentially a directory of very small argument-receiving functional and self-supporting programs that had very limited scope, and an agents.md file that directed the LLM to where such capabilities existed to preempt a directory search every compaction/context-swap.

so you'd have things like "python walk.py N 40" for 40 units of northern travel. a watchdog that waited for HP to drop or movement to become inhibited, etc.

My very first experience with LLM driven bot development in the GPT3 days created huge unmaintainmable monoliths that kind of worked due to TDD but were essentially spaghetti. LLMs have been trending away from those paradigms into small self-encapsulated programs. probably because those are less abusive to ctx count and produce better results since they lose/compact less.

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__cayenne__ 21 minutes ago
I would disagree that creating a StarCraft: BW bot doesn't require experimental feedback. The way a human author typically improves their bot is by having it play opponents and A/B test tactics and strategies.

There's also a pretty high profile StarCraft: BW bot right now called Pluto trained exclusively by self play RL (AlphaStar style).

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t1amat 28 minutes ago
This is somewhat interesting to me as I’ve recently come to a different conclusion. I’ve been populating a ModernUO server with bots, and have found Opus 5.5 to be substantially better at understanding and building it. I actually started with 6.1 Sol and 6 Astra but pulled them after a week of little progress, had Opus 5.5 take over and it rebuilt everything properly in a night and has carried it forward quite a way since.
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BeaverGoose 3 hours ago
They should benchmark it against Pluto. It's a artificial neutral network bot that can easily take games off the best broodwar players.
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__cayenne__ 3 hours ago
I did a live stream where Astra played Pluto. Astra went 0 - 1000 https://x.com/kaimcpheeters/status/2106782151622504911?s=20
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deburo 3 hours ago
I noticed Pluto is running on a simple CPU? If so, that's very nice for future RTS games. You just ship (or use a server-client arch) a bunch of models of various difficulty levels to let players practice. Could we even get models tuned to specific campaign levels? I wonder how costly the creation of Pluto was.
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wredcoll 2 hours ago
In any game that requires reflexes and muscle based twitch accuracy and so on, usually the hard part is making the ai lose.
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iugtmkbdfil834 3 hours ago
I am not sure I like this benchmark, but mostly, because I am not sure what it is really evaluating. It is not an idle dismissal.. multiple factors seem to complicate what it is supposed to look at ( just top of my head ):

- code generation speed - logic analysis - understanding of the game platform and how use of C may influence it - considered approaches, tactics and strategies

Don't get me wrong. It is is neat idea. I am just not sure what it measures.

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chis 2 hours ago
Yeah giving a 1 hour limit for code generation makes the whole thing a bit incoherent. Plus, performance is just going to depend on how closely the models have memorized the best open-source Starcraft bots and can reproduce them.
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Foobar8568 2 hours ago
If Astra is leading the pack...Considering it's supposed to be one of the slowest model.
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boxed 26 minutes ago
> Plus, performance is just going to depend on how closely the models have memorized the best open-source Starcraft bots and can reproduce them.

If that's the case then these models are failing extremely hard. 7% win rate against human written AIs that they should be copying from memory? A copy paste command should do 50%!

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NitpickLawyer 2 hours ago
> I am just not sure what it measures.

All of the above, to the extent that they can be measured from a simple to verify end condition (stats, win rates, etc). Adaptability, ability to understand and progress on a task, and so on.

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iugtmkbdfil834 2 hours ago
Yes, but I guess my objection is that if it attempts to measure everything then we can't really tell what it measures in what proportions.
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robotresearcher 2 hours ago
Yep, that’s a feature of end to end measures, like company revenues, vehicle fuel efficiency, or human life expectancy.

The customer may not care what the internal contributions are to such a measure. Instead it represents the customers’ overall values in some way.

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iugtmkbdfil834 2 hours ago
Ok. I think you convinced me based on those. I withdraw the objection.
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luckydata 2 hours ago
general "agenticness"
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MichaelNolan 3 hours ago
So this benchmark has the LLMs writing a bit to play StarCraft. Somewhat similar there was a post here a while back that had the LLMs playing StarCraft directly - https://broodbench.com/ and https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49766966
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pelagicAustral 2 hours ago
This kind of makes me think about making better bots for Counter Strike based on human top level players, which i think its a very undervalued category of software. You can even forget about about CS and name any FPS and you'll be hard pressed to find a game with seriously good bots.
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fwip 36 minutes ago
The bots are bad not because it's hard to write a good FPS bot, but because it's not fun to play against ones that are great.
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explodes 2 hours ago
The video shows GLM but it's not in any graphs. Are there more complete charts anywhere else? Ones that include the 45 LLMs?
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__cayenne__ 18 minutes ago
GLM 5.3 is captured in the v0.1 write up here: https://starskirmish.com/bench/v0-1/
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m_w_ 3 hours ago
This is an interesting benchmark - I like that time is limited, as it often isn't in other benchmarks.

It would be interesting to see the reverse, how long does each model take to get >50% WR against bots of various tiers.

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__cayenne__ 3 hours ago
I did a 48 hour live stream - Astra cleared in 43 hours.

Although I should caveat the format advantaged the LLM bots compared to traditional tournament rules.

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jstummbillig 3 hours ago
How do they avoid the LLMs simply working with pre-training data? Which apparently they do, since the human written bots win. But it's a mystery, is what it is.
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aiiotnoodle 2 hours ago
Would love to see an LLM written bot play Red Alert 2/Red Alert.

I think with the abilities of AI improving, playing games would be a good benchmark as long as they're not trained on them.

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donutdonot 2 hours ago
I assume lots of bot code is part of the training data? So it's basically a version of how will they can improve upon those solutions public out there?
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rdudek 2 hours ago
Does anyone know if there was a project having LLMs play Cities Skylines and see how well it manages to design and build a city?
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rafiyashaheen11 2 hours ago
Oh my gosh! It feels so cool trying this that is played by LLMs. I am sooo eager to try argon 4 and build many robotic projects.
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LarsDu88 2 hours ago
Not played by LLMs. The LLMs write the bots that play the game. They don't play directly. Read the article!
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gchamonlive 2 hours ago

  Please don't comment on whether someone read an article. "Did you even read the article? It mentions that" can be shortened to "The article mentions that". 
https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
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tweakimp 3 hours ago
If you want to see human written bots in action or compete in the bot ladder yourself, try https://aiarena.net (SC2)
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qsort 3 hours ago
It's beyond insane that Astra achieves above 50%. Are models allowed to "play against" the specific bot they're up against? What explains the fact that it drops to single-digits against strong bots?
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__cayenne__ 3 hours ago
Yes during the 1 hour window they are allowed to play practice matches against opponents they are graded against - though they do not have access to their opponents source code.

They drop to single digits against the A tier and S tier bots because those bots are just generally harder opponents to beat.

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brap 2 hours ago
What if we let the agents play directly instead of writing bots?
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__cayenne__ 5 minutes ago
I think we want to move beyond code based bots asking the LLMs to try to train a custom neural net, in a limited time + compute, to play StarCraft BW is probably the most promising direction

I am considering an experiment where the task is to try to win by adversarially targeting Pluto (a high profile self play based RL model)

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LarsDu88 2 hours ago
https://broodbench.com/

TLDR they suck and many default to doing probe rushes.

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ghostbrainalpha 2 hours ago
If you are talking about take a screen shot, analyze move the window a bit, take another screenshot, move the window, repeat until they have seen enough of the map to make a decision, then decide what to click on, issue order.... this could absolutely be done. It's very similar to how LLM's have driven a car on a safe track.

But right now the response time would be so slow that the bot would not be close to competitive except with the most low level players. Especially because its hard to click on things that are moving at the same time as well.

Sometime soon, I'd like to see an LLM be competitive using only computer vision, mouse movement, and locked into a human possible number of actions per minute.

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devmor 2 hours ago
Even the most powerful frontier models on SOTA hardware are not fast enough for starcraft, which generally involves multiple informed decisions per second at peak moments.

You can train a specialized model for this, but a frontier model is ill-fitting.

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caughtinthought 3 hours ago
How do the best humans do against the LLMs?
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thinkingtoilet 3 hours ago
There is currently an AI bot playing on the ladder in Korea and essentially it will nearly always win because it can micro every unit individually across the entire map. If a normal human can max out at hundreds of actions per minute, the bot can do thousands. Broodwar is so insanely difficult mechanically that there is no way for humans to compete. I imagine in a few months, maybe a year, it will be completely unbeatable.
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0ddj0b 3 hours ago
Any thoughts on building this for Starcraft 2?
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brokensegue 3 hours ago
why protoss?
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iammjm 2 hours ago
Maybe because Protosses have been doing bad lately and need some help improving :) (won only 3 out of 22 ASL championships in the past 10 years)

On a more serious note: all three races play quite differently so it makes sense to focus on just one. And protoss is mechanically the easiest and most straightforward race: fewer but stronger units, a single worker can be used to build multiple buildings at once, versatile basic static defence

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__cayenne__ 16 minutes ago
Protoss has the most mature human written SC BW bot scene right now. If you look on BASIL ladder much of the top 10 are Protoss.

Protoss vs Protoss only also helps downscope the problem given the time constraints

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MadameMinty 2 hours ago
for AIur
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glouwbug 2 hours ago
My wife for hire
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cdelsolar 2 hours ago
toss imba
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jehykyle 2 hours ago
[flagged]
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